I. Introduction

Sexual differentiation is a complex process which results in a newborn baby who is either male or female. If errors in development occur, sexual development is abnormal and the sex organs of the baby are malformed. In such cases, individuals may develop both male and female characteristics. This is referred to as intersexuality.

Children born with deviations from normal development of the sex organs can be expected to grow up successfully and to lead enriched lives. However, their problems must be considered carefully. In cases of abnormal sex differentiation, efforts should be made to determine the reason for the abnormality as treatment may vary according to the cause of the disorder. There may also be a need for specific surgical repair and/or hormonal therapy. Finally, it is extremely important for parents and patients to have a good understanding of both the condition of sex differentiation that affects them, as well as possible ways for dealing with the condition. With this approach, patients will be better able to lead a fulfilled life, and to look forward to an education, career, marriage, and parenthood.

This booklet has been prepared to help parents and patients better understand intersexuality and the unique challenges that accompany syndromes of abnormal sex differentiation. We believe that informed individuals are better prepared to face these challenges and are more likely to meet successfully the demands of childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

First, normal sex differentiation will be described. The understanding of this pattern of development will help patients and their families to understand the problems of ambiguous sex differentiation, which are subsequently outlined. Finally, a glossary of terms and a list of helpful support groups are provided.